You Got A Tattoo Or Piercing
These giving blood restrictions pop up on a lot of lists as being some of the more surprising reasons you might not be able to give blood. The concern behind tattoos, piercings, and even intravenous drug use, is that the instruments and needles used in these practices may spread hepatitis.
For tattoos, you wont be asked to defer your blood donation so long as you live in a state that regulates its tattoo facilities. If you dont live in a state that regulates these facilities then you should wait 3 months before donating blood.
For piercings, you wont be asked to defer your blood donation so long as the piercing was conducted using single-use equipment. If the piercing was made using reusable equipment then you will be asked to wait 3 months before donating.
Paid Plasma Donation And Risk Of Blood
- Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México DF CP 14000, MexicoAffiliationsDepartamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México DF CP 14000, Mexico Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico
- Yolanda Lopez-VidalAffiliationsDepartamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México DF CP 14000, Mexico Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico
- Rosa Isabel AmiebaAffiliationsDepartamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México DF CP 14000, Mexico Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico
- Mauricio HernándezAffiliationsDepartamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México DF CP 14000, Mexico Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México and Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico
J Infect Dis.
AIDS.Lancet.
- Preston MS
Transfusion.AIDS.
- Preston MS
Transfusion.AIDS.
AIDS.
Survey Design And Data Collection
The dataset for this study consists of a three-wave census-type household survey in 26 randomly selected villages in rural western Chinas Guizhou province . Guizhou is one of the poorest provinces in China, while per capita GDP and other main socioeconomic indicators in our surveyed villages are close to the median level in Guizhou . More than 20 ethnic groups live there, including Miao, Buyi, Gelao, and Yi that in total comprise about 20 percent of the population, and the major Han group accounts for the rest 80 percent of population. All 802 households in 2005, 833 households in 2007, and 872 households in 2010 were interviewed, respectively. Due to the census feature of our survey, the growing number of households surveyed over time reflects the natural increase of households in these 26 villages. All the participants in this study provided their written informed consent to participate in this study. All the data used in this study has been anonymized. The survey design, implementation, the result estimations of this study, and potential ethics issues were approved by the IRB for Human Participants in the Office of Research Integrity and Assurance at Cornell University. The Protocol ID number is 0905000392, and the approved project is entitled “Blood Donation, Status Seeking and Health Outcomes”.
Table 1 Income, poverty, income inequality and plasma donation compensation
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What Is The Difference Between Relapse And Nonresponse
The goal of treating chronic hepatitis C is to completely clear the virus. This means that your “viral load” is zero or so low that the virus can’t be detected with standard blood tests.
Without treatment, the hepatitis C virus in liver cells constantly makes copies of itself, and the virus ends up not just in liver cells but also in the bloodstream. Treatment is intended to completely stop reproduction of the virus so that it doesn’t continue to enter the bloodstream or cause any more injury to liver cells.
Successful treatment results in a “sustained virological response.” This means the virus becomes completely undetectable before the treatment is finished, and it remains undetectable for 6 months after treatment is stopped.
A “relapse” means the viral load drops to an undetectable level before treatment is completed, but becomes detectable again within 6 months after treatment is stopped. Even if the virus returns at a level that is lower than it was before treatment, a relapse is still considered to have occurred. A relapse can be determined if the viral load starts to rise during treatment, or at any time after the virus becomes undetectable.
A “nonresponse” means the viral load never drops significantly and the virus remains detectable throughout the course of treatment.
What Are The Dos And Donts Before Donating Blood
Have you explored the ins and out of giving blood restrictions, know youre eligible to donate, but not sure how to proceed with preparing to donate? There are several steps you can take to ensure that your donation goes smoothly. The American Red Cross provides a guide for first-time donors and a FAQ list. Complete Care has also created a handy guide for what to do before giving blood.
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Is Donating Plasma Painful
Whether the process is painful for you depends on your pain threshold. For some people, donating feels no worse than a pinprick, while others may feel more pain. If the nurse misses the vein or you experience plasma donation side effects, its possible youll experience more pain, but overall, most people report nothing more than mild discomfort.
If I Have Hepatitis C Infection Does This Mean I Am Going To Have Other Health Problems
Hepatitis C can cause scarring of the liver leading to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Other conditions have also been linked to hepatitis C and are known as extra-hepatic manifestations of hepatitis C. They include diabetes mellitus, arthritis, hypothyroid, and aplastic anemia among other conditions. Talk to your provider for more information.
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What Causes Hepatitis A
The hepatitis A virus causes this type of hepatitis and spreads through contact with an infected persons stool. Contact can occur by
- eating food made by an infected person who did not wash his or her hands after using the bathroom
- drinking untreated water or eating food washed in untreated water
- placing a finger or an object in your mouth that came into contact with an infected persons stool
- having close personal contact with an infected person, such as through sex or caring for someone who is ill
You cannot get hepatitis A from
- being coughed on or sneezed on by an infected person
- sitting next to an infected person
- hugging an infected person
A baby cannot get hepatitis A from breast milk.4
How To Prevent Hcv From Being Passed To Others
Blood donation: Unfortunately, you will no longer be able to give blood. Any current sexual partner cannot be a donor either, unless it is shown that you no longer have the virus.
Sexual contact: Hepatitis C virus is not passed on easily by sexual contact, but any activity where infected body fluids enter the body of another person carries the risk of infection. The degree of risk varies with the activity.
The sexual activities most likely to pass on the virus are:
- Unprotected anal intercourse
- Unprotected vaginal intercourse
- Any activity which draws blood this would include sexual intercourse during the menstrual period.
The infection is passed more easily from a man to a woman than from a woman to a man. It is recommended that the use of condoms with a regular partner is considered, in particular if that partner is known to be uninfected. The partner can arrange to be tested by asking his/her own doctor. Condoms should be used with other partners to reduce both the small risk of passing on the hepatitis C virus and the potentially greater risk of acquiring some other infections.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding: The risk of the virus being passed from mother to baby at the time of birth is very low, but it is advisable to have a specialist medical assessment before planning pregnancy. Pregnancy can have a detrimental effect on the health of a mother with hepatitis C virus infection. Breastfeeding is most unlikely to pass on hepatitis C virus.
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Is It Possible To Donate Blood After Having Hepatitis B
Is it possible to donate blood after having hepatitis B?Josh*
Hepatitis B is one of the viruses that cause hepatitis, which is an inflammation of the liver that also can be caused by medication, drugs, alcohol, or actual physical injury to the liver. One of the ways people become infected with the hepatitis B virus is through blood.
People who have been infected with hepatitis B at some point may carry the virus without even knowing it. They can pass hepatitis B to others through blood or sexual contact. Because of this, a person who has tested positive for hepatitis B at any point in his or her lifetime isnt allowed to donate blood.
Its not just hepatitis B that affects eligibility to donate blood. Other types of viral hepatitis, HIV, and some other infections can affect that persons ability to give blood.
Date reviewed: June 2013
* Names have been changed to protect user privacy.
Note: All information on KidsHealth is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
Socioeconomic Determinants Of Paid Plasma Donation
Before reporting the results on the health impact of plasma donation, we estimate the decision to donate plasma on the potential covariates at the individual level, the household level, and the village level. Table presents the results.
Table 2 Socioeconomic determinants of engagement in commercial plasma donation
In the statistical analysis, individual fixed effect models are utilized to remove unobserved time-invariant factors at the individual level that could confound the identification of paid plasma donation on health status. With two-period longitudinal data, the individual fixed effect model is equivalent to a difference model that estimates how changes in individual plasma donation decisions between 2006 and 2009 affect changes in individual health and hepatitis status after controlling for changes in a rich set of covariates in Table . The changes in self-rated health status tease out systematic report errors that may exist in self-evaluated outcomes.
Results show that plasma donation is associated with significantly lower self-rated health status. Specifically, donating plasma in 2009 is associated with a .83 standard deviation decline in self-rated health, a .54 standard deviation lower self-rated health relative to peers in their age group, and a .74 standard deviation higher likelihood of being infected with hepatitis .
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Are There Risks To Donating Plasma
The blood plasma industry is steeped in controversy. Over the last several years, critics have called out donation facilities for targeting the poorest Americans, and for paying them far less than their donations are worth .
When it comes to a donor’s personal health, however, the risks are minimal, says Dr. Scott Wright, cardiologist and a leader of Mayo Clinics national COVID-19 plasma therapy program.
As with a traditional blood donation, it might hurt a little when the needle goes into your arm, but that should only last a couple of seconds.
If you have a huge phobia with needles you may feel lightheaded or have some anxiety, but the staff at most donation centers are equipped to help with that fear, Wright says.
Before you head to your appointment, make sure youve drunk plenty of fluids. Always let the screener know if you’ve had any recent surgeries or medical conditions, are taking any medications or have gotten a tattoo or piercing in the last year, since all of these activities can lead to medical complications.
You Have Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hiv/aids Or May Have Been Exposed To These Diseases Via Sexual Contact
Hepatitis B and C and HIV/AIDs are diseases that can be passed on via blood transfusion, and therefore individuals who suffer from these diseases are ineligible to donate blood. Unfortunately, these aforementioned diseases can be transmitted through sexual contact, so if you are not certain whether or not you may have contracted these diseases from previous sexual partners, consider deferring your donation until you are sure. All donated blood is screened for hepatitis B and C and HIV.
Sexually transmitted diseases and blood donation:
When it comes to blood donation, other STDs are often wrongly lumped into the same category as hepatitis B and C and HIV. In reality, the ARC has separate recommendations for STDs and venereal diseases.
- Gonorrhea and syphilis: You should still defer blood donation if you are not certain whether or not you may have contracted gonorrhea and syphilis. However, if you have contracted gonorrhea or syphilis, you will still donate blood so long as you complete your treatment of the disease and wait 3 full months after the treatment is completed.
- Chlamydia, HPV, and genital herpes: Individuals who suffer from chlamydia, HPV, or genital herpes are eligible to donate blood.
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E1 And E2 Glycoproteins
E1 and E2 are covalently bonded when embedded in the envelope of HCV and are stabilized by disulfide bonds. E2 is globular and seems to protrude 6 nm out from the envelope membrane according to electron microscope images.
These glycoproteins play an important role in the interactions hepatitis C has with the immune system. A hypervariable region, the hypervariable region 1 can be found on the E2 glycoprotein. HVR1 is flexible and quite accessible to surrounding molecules. HVR1 helps E2 shield the virus from the immune system. It prevents CD81 from latching onto its respective receptor on the virus. In addition, E2 can shield E1 from the immune system. Although HVR1 is quite variable in amino acid sequence, this region has similar chemical, physical, and conformational characteristics across many E2 glycoproteins.
Are There Supplements That Are Bad For My Liver
Taking too many vitamin and mineral supplements may do more harm than good to a damaged liver.
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Become A Hepatitis B Plasma Donor
Does your blood contain enough antibodies against hepatitis B? Then you can help us by becoming a plasma donor.
You may have developed antibodies because you once had an infection with the hepatitis B virus and were cured of it. Or maybe you have been vaccinated against hepatitis B and have created antibodies that way. To make sure the antibody levels are high enough, we will test this first.
What Can Disqualify You From Donating Plasma
If youre interested in donating plasma, requirements exist for a rigorous screening as part of the plasma donation process. Part of the reason that the screening process exists is to protect those receiving the donations, many of whom have compromised health. It also ensures that the donors themselves are in good enough physical health to avoid the side effects of donating plasma.
The requirements for donating plasma are fairly consistent. You must be at least 16 years old, weigh over 110 pounds, and have a valid ID. Do they drug test you before donating plasma? Not generally people who take certain prescription drugs, show signs of injectable drug use, or are visibly intoxicated are not allowed to donate plasma.
Part of the reason that the screening process exists is to protect those receiving the donations, many of whom have compromised health.
Certain health conditions also prevent you from donating, such as pregnancy or recent childbirth. If youve had dental work in the past 72 hours, youll be deferred. Also, if youve received the MMR vaccine or had chickenpox in the past month or taken antibiotics orally in the past 2448 hours or by injection in the past 72 hours, youre also deferred.
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What Is Donated Blood Tested For
Once your blood is drawn and bagged, it will be shipped to a lab, where it’s tested for several different conditions in order to determine its safety.
Nucleic Acid Testing is a relatively new screening process now used on all donated blood. For example, the test is able to identify the HIV virus sooner than tests that detect disease-fighting antibodies instead of the actual virus. Blood banks are hoping that NAT will expand the eligible pool of donors.
If any of the tests are positive, you will be notified confidentially by mail — never by phone — within four weeks. If you’re deemed ineligible to give, your name may be added to a confidential list of potentially unsafe donors. In order to protect your privacy, the specific reason will not be listed.
How To Prepare Your Body
Make sure to get a good nights rest prior to making a donation. Have a good dinner the night before and eat a healthy breakfast the next morning.
One plasma donor I spoke to emphasized the importance of drinking a lot of water before he went in. Compared to being dehydrated, he said it made the donation process much faster!
You should also be feeling emotionally stable to help ensure you successfully make a donation. Once your donation is complete, avoid any stressful activities for the remainder of the day.
Your main priorities need to be rest and hydration.
Your body will need 24 to 48 hours to recover from the impact of your donation and restore normal functions to the plasma levels of your body.
Certain individuals have an increased risk of side effects after making a donation than others. If you do experience side effects, theyre usually not severe, and the majority will disappear on their own with fluids and rest.
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