Vaccine For Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B Vaccine
It takes only a few shots to protect yourself and your loved ones against hepatitis B for a lifetime.
The hepatitis B vaccine is a safe and effective vaccine that is recommended for all infants at birth and for children up to 18 years. The hepatitis B vaccine is also recommended for adults living with diabetes and those at high risk for infection due to their jobs, lifestyle, living situations, or country of birth. Since everyone is at some risk, all adults should seriously consider getting the hepatitis B vaccine for a lifetime protection against a preventable chronic liver disease.
The hepatitis B vaccine is also known as the first anti-cancer vaccine because it prevents hepatitis B, the leading cause of liver cancer worldwide.
You cannot get hepatitis B from the vaccine. All hepatitis B vaccines that have been used since 1986 are made synthetically meaning the hepatitis B vaccines do not contain any blood products. Learn more.
If you have a current HBV infection or have recovered from a past HBV infection, the hepatitis B vaccine series will not benefit you or clear the virus. However, the vaccine can provide a lifetime of protection for loved ones who do not have hepatitis B and get the vaccine as soon as possible. Testing is the only way to know if you or your loved ones have a current infection or have recovered from a past infection.
Hepatitis B Vaccine Recommendations
Three-Dose Hepatitis B Vaccine Schedule
What Is The Hepatitis B/hepatitis A Vaccine What Is It For
Hepatitis A/B vaccine is a man-made combination vaccine containing inactivated hepatitis A virus strain and non-infectious hepatitis B virus surface antigen. Inactive Hepatitis A virus combined with hepatitis B antigens stimulates the immune system to develop immunity against hepatitis A and B virus infections. The FDA approved hepatitis A/B vaccine in May 2001.
What brand names are available for hepatitis B/hepatitis A vaccine?
Twinrix
Is hepatitis B/hepatitis A vaccine available as a generic drug?
Do I need a prescription for hepatitis B/hepatitis A vaccine?
Hepatitis A And B Vaccine
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Twinrix is a vaccine against hepatitis A and hepatitis B, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. The full generic name ishepatitis A inactivated & hepatitis B vaccine. Twinrix is administered over three doses.
The name was created because it is a mixture of two earlier vaccines Havrix, an inactivated-virus Hepatitis A vaccine, and Engerix-B, a recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine. Twinrix first entered the market in early 1997.
In the United States, Twinrix is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for those aged 18 and older. In some countries outside the United States, notably Canada and Europe, Twinrix is known as Twinrix Adult or Ambirix and a pediatric formulation, called Twinrix Junior or Twinrix Paediatric, is available.
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Symptoms And Causative Agent
Hepatitis is a general term for inflammation of the liver, which may result from infectious or non-infectious causes. Viruses responsible for many cases of infectious hepatitis include hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E. Hepatitis A and B are the only hepatitis viruses for which vaccines are currently available in the United States .
The hepatitis B virus is a partly double-stranded DNA virus in the hepadnavirus family. The hepatitis A virus is a single-stranded RNA virus in the Picornavirus family. Both viruses, though structurally unrelated, infect and replicate primarily in liver cells.
The symptoms of acute hepatitis A infection are identical to those of hepatitis B infection. Early symptoms are headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, rash, body aches and pains, and dark colored urine. Following this phase, jaundice , light stools, and liver pain may appear.
What Is The Dosage For Hepatitis B/hepatitis A Vaccine
Adults of 18 years of age or older:
- Standard dosing: Standard dosing schedule consists of 3 doses of 1 ml each. Administer 1 ml, intramuscularly on deltoid muscle, at 0, 1, and 6 months.
- Accelerated dosing: Accelerated dosing schedule consists 4 doses of 1 ml each. Administer 1 ml intramuscularly into the deltoid muscle on days 0, 7, and 21 to 30, followed by a 4th dose at month 12.
Safe and effective use of hepatitis A/B vaccine in patients younger than 18 years of age has not been established.
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Who Should Get The Hepatitis B Vaccine
The CDC recommends it for all babies, who should get their first dose as newborns.
Other people who need it include:
- People younger than age 19 who haven’t been vaccinated
- Anyone who has a sex partner with hepatitis B
- People who are sexually active but arenât in a long-term relationship in which both partners are monogamous
- Anyone being evaluated or treated for an STD
- Men who have sex with men
- People who share needles used to inject drugs
- Anyone who lives with someone who has hep B
- Anyone whose job routinely puts them at risk for coming in contact with blood or blood-contaminated body fluids
- People with end-stage kidney disease
- People who live and work in facilities for people who are developmentally disabled
- Travelers to regions with moderate to high rates of hepatitis B
- People with chronic liver disease
- People with HIV infections
You should not get the vaccine if you had a severe allergic reaction to an earlier dose or are allergic to yeast, because yeast is used to make the vaccine.
Who Should Have The Hepatitis A Vaccine
People usually advised to have the hepatitis A vaccine include:
- close contacts of someone with hepatitis A
- people planning to travel to or live in parts of the world where hepatitis A is widespread, particularly if sanitation and food hygiene are expected to be poor
- people with any type of long-term liver disease
- men who have sex with other men
- people who inject illegal drugs
- people who may be exposed to hepatitis A through their job this includes sewage workers, people who work for organisations where levels of personal hygiene may be poor, such as a homeless shelter, and people working with monkeys, apes and gorillas
Contact your GP surgery if you think you should have the hepatitis A vaccine or you’re not sure whether you need it.
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The Strawberries Were Sold In Stores Including Walmart And Trader Joe’s
The strawberries linked with the cases were sold between March 5 and April 25 at retailers including Aldi, HEB, Kroger, Safeway, Sprouts Farmers Market, Trader Joe’s, Walmart, Weis Markets, and WinCo Foods.
The fresh strawberries would be out of date by now, the FDA said, but people who may have frozen them should throw them out instead of eating them.
How Should I Use This Medicine
This vaccine is for injection into a muscle. It is given by a health care professional.
A copy of Vaccine Information Statements will be given before each vaccination. Read this sheet carefully each time. The sheet may change frequently.
Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.
Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.
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Vaccines For Hepatitis A And B
Our immune system battles foreign invaders every day, such as when we get a cold virus. When this happens, we develop immunity to that specific virus. This means that our body will fight off the virus if it is ever exposed to it again.
The same protection happens with vaccines. However, the benefit of a vaccination is that you don’t have to go through being sick to enable your body to fight off disease.
Gregory Poland, MD, director of the Mayo Clinic’s Vaccine Research Group, explains that hepatitis vaccinations contain a small amount of the inactive virus. When you get a dose of the vaccine, he says, your immune cells respond by developing immunity against the virus. This immunity lasts over a long period of time.
“So if I get these two doses of hepatitis A vaccine, and then I get exposed 30 years from now, my body will remember that immunity to the vaccine and rapidly start producing antibodies again,” says Poland.
Due to the way hepatitis vaccinations are developed, it is impossible to contract the virus from the vaccine itself, according to Poland.
The hepatitis A vaccine is usually given in two shots and the hepatitis B vaccine is administered as a series of three shots. The most common side effects are redness, pain, and tenderness where the shots are given.
To get long-term protection from these viruses, it’s important to receive all the shots as scheduled. However, if you received one shot and never went back for the others, it’s not too late to catch up.
Do The Benefits Of The Hepatitis B Vaccine Outweigh Its Risks
Every year in the United States about 2,000 people die following an overwhelming hepatitis B virus infection. In addition, every year about 22,000 people are infected with hepatitis B. Some of them will remain chronically infected, putting them at high risk of the long-term consequences of hepatitis B virus infection: cirrhosis and liver cancer. In fact, with the exception of influenza virus, hepatitis B virus causes more severe disease and death in the United States than any other vaccine-preventable disease. On the other hand, the hepatitis B vaccine is an extremely rare cause of a severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis. To date, no one has died from this reaction, but it is theoretically possible that this could occur.
Because hepatitis B virus is a common cause of severe disease and death in the United States, and because the hepatitis B vaccine does not cause permanent damage or death, the benefits of the hepatitis B vaccine clearly outweigh its risks.
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Important Information About Vaccine And Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin Shot Administration
Where available, the hepatitis B birth-dose and HBIG should be administered within 24 hours of birth in order to prevent the transmission of hepatitis B from mother to child. It is very important that the shots be given in opposite limbs, to ensure the highest effectiveness. Please see chart above for more information.
Hepatitis A And Hepatitis B Vaccine Dosing Information
Usual Adult Dose for Hepatitis B Prophylaxis:
Primary immunization: 1 mL IM in the deltoid area at 0, 1 and 6 months.Alternatively, a 4 dose schedule given on days 0, 7, and 21 to 30 followed by a booster at month 12 may be used.
Usual Adult Dose for Hepatitis A Prophylaxis:
Primary immunization: 1 mL IM in the deltoid area at 0, 1 and 6 months.Alternatively, a 4 dose schedule given on days 0, 7, and 21 to 30 followed by a booster at month 12 may be used.
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Who Should Be Vaccinated With Hepatitis A
- Any person who desires protection from hepatitis A
- Men who have sex with men
- People who use injection or non-injection illegal drugs
- People traveling to areas with a high or intermediate occurrence of hepatitis A
- People with chronic liver disease
- People who receive clotting factor concentrates
- People working with HAV-infected primates or with HAV in a research laboratory
- People who will have close personal contact with an international adoptee during the first 60 days after arriving in the US from a country with a high or intermediate occurrence of hepatitis A
Global Hepatitis B Vaccine Market Size Share Development Trend Demand In Industry Growth Drivers And Challenges 2021
Executive Summary:
The recent business intelligence report of the Hepatitis B Vaccine market predicts that this vertical is anticipated to record a CAGR of xx% over 20XX-20XX, amassing a valuation of USD XX by the end of stipulated timeframe. It makes a precise depiction of the growth trajectory this business sphere by considering critical factors such as the major growth catalysts, remunerative prospects, and restraints impacting the industry dynamics.
Moreover, significant information on the geographical scope, competitive dynamics, as well as factors affecting the various industry segments are analyzed in the report. Additionally, the study investigates the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on this domain to impart a more accurate view of the changing landscape to stakeholders, so as to help them in making fruitful decisions for the future.
Regional outlook:
- As per the study, the regional landscape of Hepatitis B Vaccine industry is bifurcated into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa, South East Asia.
- Business scenario across the major economies and their impact on the overall market growth are discussed at length.
- Consumption growth rate as well as market share of each region over the forecast duration are enumerated as well.
Product terrain outline:
Application gamut overview:
Competitive landscape summary:
Influence of the Hepatitis B Vaccine Market report:
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Infants Born To Mothers Who Have Hepatitis B: Hepatitis B Vaccine Schedules
*Please note that the first dose should be given as soon as possible. Additional doses require minimum time intervals between doses in order for the vaccine to be effective.
Protecting Your Baby
Infants born to women with hepatitis B must receive accurate doses of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin to ensure complete protection. In order to protect these infants, medications should be given immediately after birth in the delivery room or within the first 12-24 hours of life*.
* See Testing and Treatment During Pregnancy section for details. Please note that testing of all pregnant women for hepatitis B is a global recommendation.
3-Dose Vaccine Series for Infants
The World Health Organization recommends that infants born to hepatitis B positive mothers receive the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours of birth, and ideally a dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin . These shots must be followed by the additional vaccine doses given on the recommended schedule. In the U.S., infants should follow a 1 month and 6-month schedule for the additional two doses.
4-Dose Combination Vaccine Series for Infants
Are Hepatitis B Virus Infections Easily Avoided
Large quantities of hepatitis B virus are present in the blood of people with hepatitis B in fact, as many as one billion infectious viruses can be found in a milliliter of blood from an infected individual. Therefore, hepatitis B virus is transmitted in the blood of infected individuals during activities that could result in exposure to blood, such as intravenous drug use, tattooing, or sex with people who are infected. However, it is also possible to catch hepatitis B virus through more casual contact, such as sharing washcloths, toothbrushes or razors. In each of these cases, unseen amounts of blood can contain enough viral particles to cause infection. In addition, because many people who are infected don’t know that they are infected, it is very hard to avoid the chance of getting infected with hepatitis B virus.
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To Whom Is The Hepatitis A And B Combination Vaccine Administered
A free vaccine is offered as part of the national programme to persons who are at an increased risk of both infections:
- haemophiliacs receiving regular treatment
- persons close to intravenous drug users, including family members, housemates and sexual partners
- men who have sex with men
The vaccination is also recommended for those working in certain tasks. Vaccination needs associated with work or business travel are assessed by the occupational healthcare services. These vaccinations are paid for by the employer.
The vaccination may also be administered for free time travel to a country in which both hepatitis A and B occur. These vaccinations are paid for by the recipient. Hepatitis A and B
The combination vaccine is an alternative to separate vaccines.
What Are The Potential Adverse Effects Of The Hepatitis A And B Combination Vaccine
The most common adverse effects are local symptoms at the injection site, including pain, redness and swelling.
Transient generalised symptoms are also common, including
- headaches
- tiredness.
Fever, skin symptoms and actual hypersensitivity reactions are rare.
Local and generalised symptoms usually begin within a few days of administration and go on for some days. They may be treated with fever and pain medications.
Local and generalised symptoms are not a contraindication for further vaccinations.
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Hepatitis Ahepatitis B Combination Vaccine
A hepatitis Ahepatitis B combination vaccine is now widely used for adults. The adult formulation is licensed for use in adolescents > 18 years in North America and > 16 years in many other countries. For children 117 years, Twinrix-Junior is widely available and licensed for use in many countries.22,23 It is also administered in a three-dose series at 0, 1, and 6 months. Twinrix is registered for use in an accelerated schedule in many countries. Hepatitis Ahepatitis B combination vaccines can be used in a two-dose schedule in children from 115 years of age in Canada and Europe.23
Elaine C. Jong, in, 2008
Vaccination Is The Best Way To Prevent Hepatitis A And B Infection
Narrator: ÂYou are a traveller…Â .
Narrator: …and you are already dreaming of your next getaway. .
Disclaimer on-screen reads: TWINRIX is a combined hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccine used in adults, adolescents, children, and infants over the age of 1 year to prevent hepatitis A and hepatitis B diseases
Narrator: ÂWhile your travel plans probably donÂt include hepatitis A or hepatitis B…Â .
Disclaimer reads: 100% protection cannot be guaranteed and booster doses may be required.
Narrator: Â…you know that many common travel activities can put you at risk of acquiring these two serious liver diseases…Â .
Disclaimer reads: TWINRIX does not protect against hepatitis C or E, and is not indicated to treat or reduce the severity of hepatitis A or B infections. .
Narrator: Â…which is why you plan on talking to your doctor about TWINRIX, right? … Of course, right…Â Â…because you are a traveller.Â
Video concludes with TWINRIX logo, GSK logo, You are a traveller slogan, and safety information: Very commonly reported adverse events in adults were pain or discomfort, redness at the infection site, headache, and tiredness. Common adverse events were swelling at the injection site, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and generally feeling unwell. Allergic reactions may also occur. Full product information can be found on Twinrix.ca. If you need to report an adverse event, please call 1-800-387-7374.
Twinrix.ca
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